What is gum treatment and why is it necessary?

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the gums and bone supporting the teeth. It is caused by a buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. If not properly removed, plaque can harden into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist or dental hygienist.

Gingivitis vs Periodontitis

Gum disease can manifest in two forms: gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the gums. It is reversible with proper oral hygiene and regular dental cleanings. Periodontitis, on the other hand, is a more advanced form of gum disease in which the gums and bone supporting the teeth become damaged and can lead to tooth loss.

Symptoms of gum disease

Symptoms of gum disease include red, swollen, or bleeding gums; bad breath; loose or sensitive teeth; and changes in the way teeth fit together when biting. Risk factors for gum disease include smoking, diabetes, certain medications, and genetics.

Treatment via deep cleaning/gum treatment

One of the most effective ways to treat gum disease is through deep cleaning, also known as scaling and root planing. During a deep cleaning, a dentist or dental hygienist will use special tools to remove plaque and tartar buildup above and below the gumline. The root surfaces of the teeth will also be smoothed to prevent future buildup of plaque and tartar.

Deep cleaning is typically done in two or more visits, about 120-300 per visit, depending on the severity of the gum disease. In most cases, a local anesthetic may be used to minimize discomfort during the procedure. After the deep cleaning, patients will need to maintain proper oral hygiene at home and have regular dental check-ups to ensure the gum disease does not recur.

In addition to deep cleaning, other treatments for gum disease may include antibiotics to kill bacteria and reduce inflammation, and surgery to repair damage to the gums and bone. In advanced cases of periodontitis, tooth extraction may be necessary.

Prevention

Preventing gum disease is crucial to maintaining overall oral health. Good oral hygiene practices such as brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and using an antiseptic mouthwash can help remove plaque and prevent tartar buildup. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings can also help detect and treat gum disease in its early stages.

In conclusion, gum disease is a serious infection of the gums and supporting bone that can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Deep cleaning, also known as scaling and root planing, is an effective way to treat gum disease by removing plaque and tartar buildup and smoothing the root surfaces of the teeth. Regular oral hygiene practices and dental check-ups can help prevent gum disease and maintain overall oral health.

Dr Sean Lim

Dentist